PSPD in English Archive 2000-10-31   1839

Chronology and Documents of South-North Dialogues

Chronology and Documents of South-North Dialogues

1970


August 15 – President Park Chung Hee, in a Liberation Day address, calls for peaceful competition in development, construction and creativity between the South and the North.

1971


September 20 – First preliminary meeting of the South-North Red Cross Conference opens at P’anmunjom.

1972


July 4 – Seoul and Pyongyang announce the historic South-North Joint Communique, in which the two sides vow to cease slander and defamation of each other and to promote exchanges. They also agree to create a South-North Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and to open a direct Seoul-Pyongyang telephone line.

August 29 – The first full-dress meeting of the South-North Red Cross Conference opens in Pyongyang. November 2 – The second co-chairmen’s meeting of the SNCC opens in Pyongyang, and adopts an agreement on the formation and operation of the South-North Coordinating Committee, and an agreement on the suspension of propaganda broadcasts against each other.

1979


February 27 – The first South-North table tennis meeting is held to discuss the formation of a single inter-Korean team to take part in the 35th World Table Tennis Championship Games in Pyongyang.

1984


September 29, October 4 – The NKRC delivers relief goods comprising 50,000 bags of rice, 500,000 meters of cloth, 100,000 tons of cement and 14 kinds of medicine to the KNRC through Panmunjom and the ports of Inch?n and Pukp’ yong. 

November 15 – The first inter-Korean economic meeting is held and agreements are reached on possible items to trade, areas of economic cooperation and operational procedures.

1985


June 20 – The third session of the South-North economic talks is held and an accord is reached on adopting agreements on the promotion of goods exchanges and economic cooperation as well as to establish a South-North economic cooperation body headed jointly by deputy prime-minister level officials. 

September 20-23 – Groups of hometown visitors and art troupes are exchanged between Seoul and Pyongyang via Panmunjom; of the 50 visitors from the South, 35 meet 41 relatives from the North, and of 50 North Korean visitors, 30 meet 51 relatives from the South.

October 8 – The first session of the South-North sports talks under the auspices of the IOC is held in Lausanne, Switzerland.

1989


March 9 – The first South-North sports talk is held concerning the Beijing Asian Games. 

December 1 – The fifth South-North sports talk is held. In this talk, the song and flag of South-North single teams for the Beijing Asian Games scheduled for September 1990 are decided.

1990


July 26 – An agreement to hold South-North High-level Talks is signed at the eighth preliminary meeting for the talks held at Panmunjom. 

September 4 – The first South-North High-Level Talks are held in Seoul.

October 9 – The South Korean team enters North Korea via Beijing for a South-North soccer match (October 11 in Pyongyang)

1991


March 25-May 9 – A South-North unified national team is formed and competes in the 41st World Table Tennis Championship tournament. 

May 6-June 28 – A unified South-North national team is formed and competes in the sixth World Youth Soccer Championship tournament.

September 17 – South and North Korea concurrently join the United Nations.

December 13 – South and North Korean Prime Ministers sign the Agreement on Reconciliation,? Nonaggression and Exchanges and Cooperation between South and North Korea (the Basic Agreement).

1992


February 18-21 – The sixth South-North High-Level Talks are held in Pyongyang and the Agreement on Reconciliation, Nonaggression and Exchanges and Cooperation between the South and the North, the Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and the Agreement on the Organization and Operation of the Committees for the South-North High-Level Talks take effect. 

March 18 -The first meeting of the South-North Exchanges and Cooperation Committee is held at Panmunjom.

March 19 – The first meeting of the South-North Joint Nuclear Control Commission is held at Panmunjom.

May 18 – The South-North Military Committee, the South-North Economic Exchanges and Cooperation Committee and the South-North Social and Cultural Exchanges and Cooperation Committees are organized and membership rosters are exchanged. The South-North liaison office begins operation at Panmunjom.

1994


June 28 – A preliminary meeting for the inter-Korean summit was held at the House of Peace in Panmunjom and the two sides agreed to have an inter-Korean summit in Pyongyang from July 25 to 27. 

July 9 – North Korea announced the death of Kim Il-sung.

July 11 -North Korea announced that the inter-Korean summit would be postponed indefinitely.

1997


October 8 – Kim Jong-il is selected as the general secretary of the North Korean Workers’ Party. 

December 9 – The first full-dress meeting of the Four-Party Talks is held in New York.

1998


February 25 – In his inaugural speech, President Kim Dae-jung announces three principles of his North Korea policy and proposes an exchange of special envoys to implement the 1991 Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-aggression, and Exchanges and Cooperation Between the South and the North (the Basic Agreement).

November 18 – Hyundai Corporation launches its first cruise liner service to Kumgangsan (the Diamond Mountains) in North Korea for South Korean tourists.

1999


May 5 – In an interview with the CNN, the President lists five major tasks for dismantling the Cold-War structure on the Korean Peninsula. 

June 3 – The two Koreas agree to hold vice ministerial-level talks in Beijing during the month.

June 22-26 – The two sides hold the first vice ministerial-level talks in Beijing.

2000


March 10 – The President issues the Berlin Declaration which offers to expand drastically economic assistance to the North and open dialogue between the authorities of the two countries. 

April 8 -Minister of Culture and Tourism Park Jie-won and Vice Chairman Song Ho-kyong of North Korea’s Asia-Pacific Committee meet in Beijing and agree to hold a summit meeting between President Kim Dae-jung and North Korean leader Kim Jong-il.

April 10 – The two sides announce that the South-North Summit Talks will be held in Pyongyang on June 12-14.

On July 4, 1972, South and North Korea issued a joint communique, announcing the Three Principles of Reunification after secret visits to Pyongyang and Seoul by high-ranking emissaries from the two governments. The following is the full text.

B. AGREEMENTS BETWEEN SOUTH AND NORTH

I. South-North Joint Communique (4 July 1972)

Recently, talks were held in Pyongyang and Seoul to discuss the problems of improving South-North relations and of unifying the divided country.

Lee Hu-rak, Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in Seoul, visited Pyongyang from May 2 – 5, 1972, and held talks with Kim Young-joo of the Organization and Guidance Department of Pyongyang; Vice Premier Park Sung-chul, acting on behalf of Director Kim Young-joo visited Seoul from May 29 – June 1, 1972, and held further talks with Director Lee Hu-rak.

With the common desire of achieving the peaceful unification of the nation as early as possible, the two sides engaged in a frank and openhearted exchange of views during these talks, and made great progress towards promoting mutual understanding.

In an effort to remove the misunderstandings and mistrust, and mitigate the heightened tensions that have arisen between the South and the North as a consequence of their long period of division and moreover, to expedite unification, the two sides reached full agreement in respect of the following issues.

The two sides agreed on the following principles as a basis of achieving unification :

First, unification shall be achieved independently, without depending on foreign powers and without foreign interference.

Second, unification shall be achieved through peaceful means, without resorting to the use of force against each other.

Third, a great racial unity as one people shall be sought first, transcending differences in ideas, ideologies, and systems.

In order to ease tensions and foster an atmosphere of mutual trust between the South and the North, the two sides have agreed not to slander or defame each other, not to undertake military provocations whether on a large or small scale, and to take positive measures to prevent inadvertent military incidents.

In order to restore severed racial ties, promote mutual understanding and to expedite independent peaceful unification, the two sides have agreed to carry out numerous exchanges in various fields.

The two sides have agreed to actively cooperate in seeking the early success of the South-North Red Cross talks, which are currently in progress with the fervent support of the entire race.

In order to prevent the outbreak of unexpected military incidents, and to deal directly, promptly, and accurately with problems arising between the South and the North, the two sides have agreed to install a direct telephone line between Seoul and Pyongyang.

In order to implement the above items, to solve various problems existing between the South and the North, and to settle the unification problem on the basis of the agreed principles for unification, the two sides have agreed to establish and operate a South-North Coordinating Committee co-chaired by Director Lee Hu-rak and Director Kim Young-joo.

Firmly convinced that the above items of agreement correspond with the common aspirations of the entire Korean people, all of whom are anxious for an early unification, the two sides hereby solemnly pledge before the entire Korean race to faithfully carry out these agreed items.

Upholding the instructions of their respective superiors

Lee Hu-rak

Kim Young-joo

II. Agreement on Reconciliation, Nonaggression,

and Exchanges and Cooperation Between South and North Korea(1991)

South and North Korea,

In keeping with the longing of the entire Korean race for the peaceful unification of our divided fatherland;

Reaffirming the three basic principles of unification set forth in the South-North Joint Communique of July 4, 1972;

Determined to end the state of political and military confrontation and achieve national reconciliation;

Also determined to avoid armed aggression and hostilities, and to ensure the lessening of tension and the establishment of peace;

Expressing the desire to realize multi-faceted exchanges and cooperation to promote interests and prosperity common to the Korean people.;

Recognizing that their relationship, not being a relationship as between states, is a special one constituted temporarily in the process of unification;

Pledging themselves to exert joint efforts to achieve peaceful unification;

Hereby agreed as follows;

CHAPTER 1 : SOUTH-NORTH RECONCILIATION

1. South and North Korea shall recognize and respect the system of each other.

2. South and North Korea shall not interfere in the internal affairs of each other.

3. South and North Korea shall not slander or defame each other.

4. South and North Korea shall refrain from any acts of sabotage or insurrection against each other.

5. South and North Korea shall together endeavour to transform the present state of armistice into a firm state of peace between the two sides and shall abide by the present Military Armistice Agreement until such a state of peace is realized.

6. South and North Korea shall cease to compete with or confront each other, and instead shall cooperate and endeavour to promote the racial dignity and interests of Korea in the international arena.

7. South and North Korea shall establish and operate a South-North Liaison Office at Panmunjom within three months of the entry into force of this Agreement to ensure close liaison and consultations between the two sides.

8. South and North Korea shall establish a South-North Political Committee within the framework of the South-North High-Level Negotiations within one month of the entry into force of this Agreement to consider concrete measures to ensure the implementation and observance of the agreement on South-North reconciliation.

CHAPTER 2 : AGREEMENT OF NONAGGRESSION BETWEEN SOUTH AND NORTH KOREA

9. South and North Korea shall not use force against each other and shall not undertake armed aggression against each other.

10. South and North Korea shall resolve peacefully, through dialogue and negotiation, any differences of views and disputes arising between them.

11. The South-North demarcation line and the areas for nonaggression shall be identical with the Military Demarcation Line provided in the Military Armistice Agreement of July 27, 1953, and the areas that each side has exercised jurisdiction over until the present time.

12. In order to implement and guarantee nonaggression, the South and the North shall establish a South-North Joint Military Commission within three months of the entry into force of this Agreement. In the said Commission, the two sides shall discuss problems and carry out steps to build up military confidence and realize arms reduction, in particular, the mutual notification and control of large-scale movements of military units and major military exercises, the peaceful utilization of the Demilitarized Zone, exchanges of military personnel and information, phased reductions in armaments including the elimination of weapons of mass destruction and attack capabilities, and verifications thereof.

13. South and North Korea shall install and operate a telephone line between the military authorities of each side to prevent the outbreak and escalation of accidental armed clashes.

14. South and North Korea shall establish a South-North Military Sub-Committee within the framework of the South-North High-Level Negotiations within one month of the entry into force of this Agreement to discuss concrete measures for the implementation and observance of the agreement on nonaggression and to remove the state of military confrontation.

CHAPTER 3 : EXCHANGES AND COOPERATION BETWEEN SOUTH AND NORTH KOREA

15. In order to promote the integrated and balanced development of the national economy and the welfare of the entire people, the South and the North shall engage in economic exchanges and cooperation, including the joint development of resources, the trade of goods as intra-Korean commerce and joint ventures.

16. South and North Korea shall carry out exchanges and promote cooperation in various fields such as science and technology, education, literature and the arts, health, sports, the environment, journalism and media including newspapers, radio, television broadcasts, and other publications.

17. South and North Korea shall implement freedom of intra-Korean travel and contact among the members of the Korean people.

18. South and North Korea shall permit free correspondence, movement between the two sides, meetings, and visits between dispersed family members and other relatives, promote their voluntary reunion, and take measures to resolve other humanitarian issues.

19. South and North Korea shall reconnect the railway and the previously severed roads, and shall open sea and air routes.

20. South and North Korea shall establish and link facilities for exchanges by post and telecommunications, and shall guarantee the confidentiality of intra-Korean mail and telecommunications.

21. South and North Korea shall cooperate in the international arena in the economic, cultural and other fields, and shall advance abroad together.

22. In order to implement the agreement on exchanges and cooperation in the economic, cultural, and other fields, South and North Korea shall establish joint commissions for each sector, including a Joint South-North Economic Exchanges and Cooperation Commission, within three months of the entry into force of this Agreement.

23. A Sub-committee on South-North Exchanges and Cooperation shall be established within the framework of the South-North High-Level Negotiations within one month of the entry into force of this Agreement, to discuss concrete measures for the implementation and observance of the agreement on South-North exchanges and cooperation.

CHAPTER 4 : AMENDMENTS AND EFFECTUATION

24. This Agreement may be amended or supplemented by agreement between the two sides.

25. This Agreement shall enter into force from the date the South and the North exchange the appropriate instruments following the completion of the respective procedures necessary for its implementation.

Signed on December 13, 1991*

Chung Won-shik

Yon Hyong-muk

Chief Delegate of the South delegation to the South-North High-Level Negotiations

Head of the North delegation to the South-North High-Level Negotiations

Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea

Premier of the Administration Council of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

* This Agreement entered into force on February 19, 1992.

III. The South-North Declaration(15 June 2000)

In accordance with the noble will of the entire people who yearn for the peaceful reunification of the nation, President Kim Dae-jung of the Republic of Korea and National Defense Commission Chairman Kim Jong-il of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea held a historic meeting and summit talks in Pyongyang from June 13 to June 15, 2000.

The leaders of the South and the North, recognizing that the meeting and the summit talks, the first since the division of the country, were of great significance in promoting mutual understanding, developing South-North relations and realizing peaceful reunification, declared as follows:

1. The South and the North have agreed to resolve the question of reunification independently and through the joint efforts of the Korean people, who are the masters of the country.

2. Acknowledging that there is a common element in the South’s proposal for a confederation and the North’s proposal for a loose form of federation as the formulae for achieving reunification, the South and the North agreed to promote reunification in that direction.

3. The South and the North have agreed to promptly resolve humanitarian issues such as exchange visits by separated family members and relatives on the occasion of the August 15 National Liberation Day and the question of unswerving Communists who have been given long prison sentences in the South.

4. The South and the North have agreed to consolidate mutual trust by promoting balanced development of the national economy through economic cooperation and by stimulating cooperation and exchanges in civic, cultural, sports, public health, environmental and all other fields.

5. The South and the North have agreed to hold a dialogue between relevant authorities in the near future to implement the above agreement expeditiously.

President Kim Dae-jung cordially invited National Defense Commission Chairman Kim Jong-il to visit Seoul, and Chairman Kim Jong-il decided to visit Seoul at an appropriate time.

Kim Dae-jung

Kim Jong-il

President

Chairman, National Defense Commission

The Republic of Korea

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

June 15, 2000

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